Foreclosure is a legal process by which a bank, mortgage company or other creditor takes a homeowner’s property in order to satisfy a debt. The foreclosure is the result of non-payment of the mortgage (including second mortgages and home equity loans); however, people also lose their homes due to unpaid property taxes. As a result of the foreclosure (at the end of the redemption period), the homeowner loses the rights he or she had to the property.
FORECLOSURE TIMELINE:
Day 1-15
Mortgage payments are typically (not always) due on the first of each month. If the payment is not made by the due date it is considered delinquent.
Day 1-15
A late fee is usually assessed to the mortgage account after day 15. The first notice is usually mailed on the 16th of the month. You may begin getting phone calls at this time.
Day 31-45
Servicer sends “demand” or “breach” letter to the borrower pointing out that terms of the mortgage have been violated.
Day 61-90
When a loan is 60 days past due, the lender may initiate acceleration procedures by sending a letter notifying the borrower that foreclosure is the next step. At this time the lender will only accept your total past due which includes: all past and current payments with late fees and interest.
Acceleration procedures include lenders refusing to accept any partial payments and requiring that the past due balance on the mortgage be paid in full, and can even mean that the lender will void any payment agreement and call the loan due in full.
Day 91-105
Servicer refers loan to foreclosure department. Hires local attorney or other firm to initiate foreclosure proceedings.
Once acceleration begins, if you abandon the property or the property is red tagged, your home may be repossessed. This may include your locks beginning changed and your utilities are disconnected.
Foreclosure proceedings can start any time after the acceleration notice is sent, but usually happens when the loan is 90 or more days past due. This is when attorney fees become a significant part of the fees due.
Day 150-415
House sold at foreclosure sale or auction. Wide time range due to different state requirements. Foreclosure can happen in Michigan either by judicial action or by newspaper advertisement (sheriff sale). The most common foreclosure action in Michigan is by advertisement. In this procedure, the lender’s attorney advertises the property for sale in a general-circulation newspaper for four consecutive weeks.
The sheriff sale date is listed in the advertisement, and following the four weeks the county sheriff sells the property to the highest bidder (which is usually the lender).
The officer conducting the sale will execute and deliver a “sheriff’s deed” for the premises to the highest bidder. The deed will specify the last date that the mortgagor can redeem the property. This deed must be recorded within 20 days of the sale, and the person recording the deed will endorse the date and time it was received on the document. If the property is redeemed the sheriff’s deed will be destroyed.
Day 150-415+
After the property is sold at a sheriff sale the mortgagor has a redemption period during which time the property can be reacquired. The redemption period in Michigan is usually six months, except in situations where there are more than four units; less than 2/3 of the original debt owed, multiple acres and/or abandonment occur. In order to redeem the property at this point you must pay off the mortgage, all interest and late fees, court costs, attorney fees, title and appraisal fees. If the sheriff deed holder paid taxes or insurance after the sheriff sale, the mortgagor must pay those fees as well. Redeeming the property by getting another mortgage is very difficult because of the bad credit rating that resulted from the foreclosure. Redeeming the property by selling it on the market is often a good option. If the property is redeemed, the original rights and obligations of ownership are reinstated.
FORECLOSURE TIMELINE:
Day 1-15
Mortgage payments are typically (not always) due on the first of each month. If the payment is not made by the due date it is considered delinquent.
Day 1-15
A late fee is usually assessed to the mortgage account after day 15. The first notice is usually mailed on the 16th of the month. You may begin getting phone calls at this time.
Day 31-45
Servicer sends “demand” or “breach” letter to the borrower pointing out that terms of the mortgage have been violated.
Day 61-90
When a loan is 60 days past due, the lender may initiate acceleration procedures by sending a letter notifying the borrower that foreclosure is the next step. At this time the lender will only accept your total past due which includes: all past and current payments with late fees and interest.
Acceleration procedures include lenders refusing to accept any partial payments and requiring that the past due balance on the mortgage be paid in full, and can even mean that the lender will void any payment agreement and call the loan due in full.
Day 91-105
Servicer refers loan to foreclosure department. Hires local attorney or other firm to initiate foreclosure proceedings.
Once acceleration begins, if you abandon the property or the property is red tagged, your home may be repossessed. This may include your locks beginning changed and your utilities are disconnected.
Foreclosure proceedings can start any time after the acceleration notice is sent, but usually happens when the loan is 90 or more days past due. This is when attorney fees become a significant part of the fees due.
Day 150-415
House sold at foreclosure sale or auction. Wide time range due to different state requirements. Foreclosure can happen in Michigan either by judicial action or by newspaper advertisement (sheriff sale). The most common foreclosure action in Michigan is by advertisement. In this procedure, the lender’s attorney advertises the property for sale in a general-circulation newspaper for four consecutive weeks.
The sheriff sale date is listed in the advertisement, and following the four weeks the county sheriff sells the property to the highest bidder (which is usually the lender).
The officer conducting the sale will execute and deliver a “sheriff’s deed” for the premises to the highest bidder. The deed will specify the last date that the mortgagor can redeem the property. This deed must be recorded within 20 days of the sale, and the person recording the deed will endorse the date and time it was received on the document. If the property is redeemed the sheriff’s deed will be destroyed.
Day 150-415+
After the property is sold at a sheriff sale the mortgagor has a redemption period during which time the property can be reacquired. The redemption period in Michigan is usually six months, except in situations where there are more than four units; less than 2/3 of the original debt owed, multiple acres and/or abandonment occur. In order to redeem the property at this point you must pay off the mortgage, all interest and late fees, court costs, attorney fees, title and appraisal fees. If the sheriff deed holder paid taxes or insurance after the sheriff sale, the mortgagor must pay those fees as well. Redeeming the property by getting another mortgage is very difficult because of the bad credit rating that resulted from the foreclosure. Redeeming the property by selling it on the market is often a good option. If the property is redeemed, the original rights and obligations of ownership are reinstated.
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